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Anxiety Treatments Medication Anxiety can hinder your daily life, so it's important to seek help if you have severe anxiety. Treatment options include lifestyle changes such as reducing stress and getting regular physical exercise. Your doctor may recommend psychological therapy. FDA approved a variety of medications to treat anxiety disorders. These include SNRIs and SSRIs which affect the neurotransmitter, serotonin. Anticonvulsants, like pregabalin, can also reduce anxiety by altering the GABA receptor. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines calm the nervous system by acting upon it. They work by enhancing the effects of a brain neurotransmitter known as gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA blocks the activity of nerves within the spinal cord and brain and, consequently, helps reduce anxiety. Unlike antidepressants, which can take a long time to begin working, benzodiazepines are able to reduce anxiety symptoms almost immediately. However, benzodiazepines carry high risks of dependence and abuse. This is because the body adjusts to benzodiazepines over time and can result in physical dependency. Despite the risk, benzodiazepines are an effective treatment for anxiety, even when other options aren't available or do not provide relief. It is essential to speak with your doctor before taking benzodiazepines. They will be able assist you in determining the root of your anxiety and suggest other options that may be more suitable. Talking therapies such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as well as exposure therapy, and many others can help you identify the root cause of anxiety. They will also teach you techniques for coping. Benzodiazepines aren't typically utilized as the first choice for treating anxiety disorders because they can cause serious adverse effects when used in conjunction with alcohol or other substances. They are also addictive and have a high overdose risk. The first benzodiazepines – chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Limbitrol), were introduced in 1950, and were followed by diazepam, (Valium), and lorazepam (Ativan). All of these medications carry a black-box warning that warns they can cause serious side effects, like breathing problems and severe sleepiness. SSRIs SSRIs are a group of antidepressant medicines that are often the first choice among people who suffer from anxiety. These drugs increase the levels of specific chemical messengers, including serotonin (and norepinephrine) in the brain. They also help regulate other essential chemicals, including the ones that control mood and sleep, and reduce the levels of stress hormones in your body. Prozac is the most commonly prescribed SSRI. Other SSRIs include Lexapro, Zoloft, and Paxil, while SNRIs include Effexor XR, Cymbalta, and Pristiq. Although experts aren't certain how SSRIs work to combat anxiety, they do know that these medications improve the way your brain functions. They increase the glial cell's function (these are the brain cells that support, nourish, insulate and protect your neurons), increase BDNF levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and boost levels of serotonin itself. anxiety treatment plans behind this action isn't completely understood, but it may involve a combination of factors. Similar to other types of medicines, SSRIs can take 1 month to kick in and require frequent treatment to ensure that the benefits are maintained. They may cause side effects such as nausea and diarrhea. They can also result in low sodium levels in certain individuals, and may alter libido of some males. Your doctor will determine the duration of time that you must take them based upon your symptoms and any other treatments you are using. They might suggest that you continue to take these medications for a period of six to twelve months or work with you to taper off and stop taking the medication. They might also suggest alternative treatments like psychotherapy, herbal remedies and supplements to alleviate anxiety-related symptoms. For example, Vistaril can be used for itching, and chamomile for sleep. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers (also called beta-adrenergic blocks) prevent adrenaline from binding with your heart's receptors. They relax your heart and reduces your blood pressure. They are prescribed for anxiety and may be an alternative to conventional psychotropic drugs that can have adverse effects. Although beta-blockers can reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the root reasons behind your anxiety. They are usually used to deal with specific situations that trigger anxiety, such as public speaking or flying. They can be used with therapy to treat anxiety disorders or as a long-term, daily treatment. Because of their method of operation, beta blockers may cause several negative effects, including bradycardia and hypotension. They can cause you to feel shaky and sweaty. Certain people suffering from asthma, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), or diabetes shouldn't take them. Despite the negative side effects, beta blockers are still extensively studied and used. They've been in the market for a long time and are considered to be safe for adults. In comparison, they are relatively affordable and easily accessible. For a lot of people taking them, the risk of adverse effects is a good trade-off in order to maximize their effectiveness. Beta-blockers are a great option for those suffering from mild to moderate anxiety. They are more effective than benzodiazepines that are the best choice for people with severe or life-threatening anxiety disorders. However, they won't solve the root cause of your problem. They are best for people with short-term anxiety, such as prior to major events like an airplane flight or speech. They can help you sleep better and they can control your blood sugar. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs) inhibit the enzyme that breaks down monoamine neurotransmitters. They increase the availability of serotonin as well as other neurotransmitters, such as the epinephrine and melatonin to transmit by preventing their breakdown in neurons. They are most well-known as effective antidepressants, and have some efficacy in anxiety disorders. They can be taken alone or together. They can also be used to treat Parkinson's disease and various other ailments. Eugenol is an essential oil found in the bud, leaf, and the stem of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and in the bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum). Eugenol has been found to inhibit MAOI in a test tube, and may interact with these medications. MAOIs can have serious side effects, and therefore they are not the primary medicines that doctors recommend for depression or anxiety. Typically, they are prescribed for patients who have failed to respond to other medication. They also help treat a variety of conditions, such as the fibromyalgia and Parkinson's diseases. They can lead to low blood pressure when standing in a sitting or lying in a sitting position, a condition known as orthostatic hypotension. Common MAOIs include phenelzine tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid. Phenelzine is used for an atypical form of anxiety and depression. It has small studies on panic disorder. These drugs are not as potent as SSRIs however they can be useful in treating certain kinds of depression and anxiety disorders. The newest reversible MAOIs like selegiline and moclobemide, are less harmful than the older irreversible MAOIs. They are also more effective than older MAOIs in increasing the levels of monoamines implicated in depressive disorders. They are less likely than older MAOIs to trigger high blood pressure, but there is a risk of developing pharmacological dependency. Buspirone Combining psychological therapy with medication is the most effective way to combat anxiety. The use of medication can alleviate symptoms, but they should be taken only under the supervision of a physician. There are a variety of medications for anxiety, and they can be different for each individual. Talk to your doctor about the symptoms you are experiencing and he'll prescribe the best medication for you. Buspirone is an FDA-approved medication, works by regulating neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. This can help reduce anxiety and mood symptoms, but it does not cause sedation or hinder cognitive functioning. It is less likely to be habit-forming than other sedatives such as benzodiazepines. This makes it a great choice for people who want to control their anxiety, but don't want to use a drug like Xanax. SSRIs or SNRIs are often the first choice for treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. These are antidepressants that augment the levels of serotonin in a person and help regulate mood. They are usually prescribed as a part of anxiety-related medications like benzodiazepines. However, they are usually not prescribed for prolonged periods because they can become addicting and have adverse effects such as drowsiness. In addition to medication as well as psychological treatments for GAD have been shown to be effective in the short term and can improve outcomes over time. These include cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) exposure therapy, and creative or artistic therapies. Psychological therapy can assist people develop strategies to manage their anxiety and depression. This can help them live a more full life and manage symptoms. A lot of these treatments are accessible online, and some may be covered by your insurance. Brightside, for example, is an online therapy program that offers CBT and other anxiety and depression treatments.